With the Domestic Abuse Bill having now received royal assent and been signed into law, Aaron Gates-Lincoln, Writer for Immigration News, shares his thoughts on what the revised bill means for migrant victims of abuse in the UK.
After years of development, the Domestic Abuse Bill returned to the House of Lords in the UK on the 8th March 2021 to complete its report stage and, as of 29th April, received royal assent and has been signed into law.
The Bill will be transformative in the effectiveness of the responses that currently exist to domestic abuse throughout a variety of different service providers. Its main features include placing safe accommodation service funding on a statutory footing and outlawing threats of non-fatal strangulation, post-separation abuse and sharing intimate images. It also intends to ban the direct cross-examination of survivors by their abusers in court and will importantly give the first ever legal definition of domestic abuse.
However, until March 2021, the Bill unjustly left women with insecure immigration status and No Recourse to Public Funds with little to no protection. This comes as a result of the ignorance of the issues that exist within accessing the current British welfare system, which can exacerbate economic abuse.
Those with No Recourse to Public Funds faced barriers particularly in accessing refuge accommodation. This is because they are ineligible to claim benefits which many survivors rely on to financially support their stay in a refuge.
Explaining further issues with current service provision whilst in the House of Lords, Baroness Meacher stated, “Migrant women with insecure immigration status are, in my view very understandably, reluctant to report domestic abuse to the statutory services”. This is because, as a result of the current hostile environment policies that have been in place since 2012, police routinely share personal data about domestic abuse victims with the Home Office for immigration control purposes. Many members of the House of Lords supported an amendment that would prevent this from occurring.
Meacher stated on this, “This reluctance [to report] is due to the current data-sharing agreements between statutory services, including the police and the Home Office, for immigration control purposes. This means that women affected cannot seek support or a safe place to go, with the most appalling consequences, as one can very easily imagine. Perpetrators are not being brought to justice.’
This fear to report is fully justified. Studies have found that since the policy of data sharing was created, the number of women deported after reporting domestic abuse has risen from 12% to 30%. This is worrying, as it reinforces a trend of criminalising the victim of domestic abuse for speaking up, rather than the perpetrator for their actions.
The Lord Bishop of London mirrored this anxiety, stating, “I fear that this blind spot enables offenders and abusers to use police involvement as a threat to their victims, rather than the source of protection that it should be. Various countries around the world have demonstrated that firewalls can be and are being implemented in different ways to create separation between public services and immigration enforcement”.
On the 15th of March, the House of Lords voted on two amendments to the Domestic Abuse Bill. These amendments would stop the use of data sharing between the police and the Home Office, and would also grant migrant women escaping domestic abuse temporary leave to remain and give them access to public funds and services. These amendments were both voted in favour. However, the current Conservative government all voted against the amendments, except from 3 ministers, showcasing a worrying lack of dedication to women’s safety by the party.
Furthermore, the Bill sadly still does not cover other issues such as the way benefits are paid to women fleeing abuse. Universal credit is currently paid by default into one account when claimed jointly with a partner. Some argue it instead should be paid separately to each claimant by default, to prevent abusers from perpetrating economic abuse. These issues compound with other blanket issues such as budget cuts to refuge centres, making it hard for migrant women to escape abuse and gain support.
The original existence of blind spots regarding the safety and protection of migrant women showcases a key issue within the current British government. Priority is too often given to upholding hostile environment policies. This has resulted in migrant women who live within the UK being forgotten, left behind and completely overlooked in a piece of legislation which should be designed to promote the protection of all women.
Luckily, the amendments to the Bill have been added, and the Bill has now reached the stage in which it receives royal assent to be enshrined in law. However, this does not mean that we can stop amplifying the voices of migrant women and the struggles they encounter. We all must remember that the UK immigration system is designed to make Britain as hostile an environment as possible for migrants, and this does not exclude areas such as domestic abuse. We must keep fighting, like campaigners in this battle have, to ensure that migrants are given the protection that they deserve.
This article was written by Aaron Gates-Lincoln, Writer for Immigration News.
